🔑 Key Definitions
PTSD 😱: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder - 4 symptom clusters: Re-experiencing, Avoidance, Negative cognitions/mood, Hyperarousal
Homicide Survivors 💔: Families of murder victims - a specific type of victim
📊 7 Types of Victims
- 1. Violent crime - Assault, robbery
- 2. Sexual violence - Rape, sexual assault
- 3. Domestic violence - Partner abuse
- 4. Child abuse - Physical, sexual, emotional, neglect
- 5. Property crime - Burglary, theft
- 6. Cybercrime - Online harassment, fraud
- 7. Homicide survivors - Murder victim families
💔 Psychological Impact Timeline
- Immediate - Shock, fear, distress, confusion, anger, self-blame
- Short-term (days-weeks) - Anxiety, sleep issues, depression, intrusive thoughts, avoidance
- Long-term (months-years) - PTSD, chronic depression, substance abuse, relationship problems
😱 PTSD 4 Symptom Clusters (MEMORIZE!)
- 1. Re-experiencing - Intrusive memories, nightmares, flashbacks
- 2. Avoidance - Avoiding reminders, numbing
- 3. Negative cognitions/mood - Negative beliefs, persistent negative emotions
- 4. Hyperarousal - Hypervigilance, sleep problems, irritability, startle
😐 6 Immediate Reactions
- Shock/disbelief 😶
- Fear 😨
- Distress 😢
- Confusion 😵
- Anger 😡
- Self-blame 💔
💡 Exam Tips
- Victims are often the FORGOTTEN part of criminal justice system
- PTSD has 4 clusters: Re-experiencing, Avoidance, Negative cognitions, Hyperarousal
- Impact varies by: crime type, individual factors, support available
- Long-term effects can include: PTSD, depression, substance abuse, changed worldview
- Homicide survivors = families of murder victims (not the victim themselves)