🔑 Key Definitions
Violence 💥: Intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or group, resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, or deprivation
Hostile Attribution Bias 😤: Assuming negative/hostile intent in others' actions
💥 6 Types of Violence
- Interpersonal - Between individuals
- Self-directed - Against oneself
- Collective - Groups vs groups
- Physical - Bodily harm
- Psychological - Emotional abuse
- Sexual - Acts without consent
📊 4 Levels of Violence Factors
- Individual - Brain, cognition, personality, substances, history, anger
- Relationship - Family violence, peers, conflict, attachment
- Community - Poverty, disorganization, weapons, drugs, gangs
- Societal - Media, culture, law enforcement, inequality
😠 The Anger Cycle (6 Steps)
- 1. Triggering event - Something happens
- 2. Appraisal - How we interpret it
- 3. Physiological arousal - Body's stress response
- 4. Angry thoughts - "They did this on purpose!"
- 5. Behavioral response - Aggression or control
- 6. Consequences - Results of actions
🏃 6 Physiological Signs of Anger
- Increased heart rate 💓
- Rapid breathing 😤
- Muscle tension 💪
- Feeling hot 🌡️
- Clenched fists ✊
- Jaw tension 😠
💭 5 Cognitive Components
- Hostile attribution - Assuming negative intent
- Magnification - Making things bigger
- Black-and-white thinking - All or nothing
- Should statements - Rigid expectations
- Labeling - "They're an idiot!"
💡 Exam Tips
- Violence = intentional, includes threat, results in harm
- Memorize 4 levels of factors: individual, relationship, community, societal
- Anger cycle has 6 steps - know them in order!
- Hostile attribution bias = common cognitive error in violent offenders
- Alcohol = MOST commonly linked substance to violent crime