🔑 Injury Prediction Model
Stressful Athletic Situation → Cognitive Appraisals → Physiological/Attentional Changes → INJURY
Cognitive appraisal creates stress response → increases injury risk
Cognitive appraisal creates stress response → increases injury risk
🔄 Four Moderating Factors
1. Personality Factors
- Hardiness
- Locus of control
- Sense of coherence
- Competitive trait anxiety
- Intrinsic motivation
2. History of Stressors
- Life stress and daily hassles: Increase incidence and severity of injury
- Previous injuries: Worry about recurrence makes vulnerable to further injury
3. Coping Resources
- Coping behavior to manage stress
- Social support: Parents, friends, coach, teammates, clubs, religious groups
- Stress management techniques reduce injury occurrence
- Attentional strategy: Dissociative strategies reduce injury
- Medication influencing stress response
4. Interventions
- Cognitive: Change appraisal of stressful events
- Psychological/Attentional: Imagery, progressive realization
🩸 Psychological Response to Injury (3 Factors)
1. Cognitive Appraisal
- Influences emotional response
- Focuses on self-esteem and self-worth post-injury
2. Emotional Response
- Fear of the unknown
- Tension, anger, depression
- Frustration and boredom
- Negative attitude
- Grief
- Emotional coping skills
3. Behavioral Response
Adherence to Rehab requires:
Personal factors: Pain tolerance, Tough-mindedness, Goal perspective
Situational factors: Belief in treatment, Comfort of rehab environment, Convenience
Personal factors: Pain tolerance, Tough-mindedness, Goal perspective
Situational factors: Belief in treatment, Comfort of rehab environment, Convenience
- Athlete coping skills + cognitive-behavioral interventions increase adherence
- Pain Management: Performance pain (controlled, improves performance) vs Injury pain (acute/chronic, benign/harmful)
💡 Rehabilitation Personnel Approaches
- Distributed Approach: Train all personnel in sport psychology
- Specialist Approach: Full-time sport psychologist
📈 Benefits of Injury and Recovery
- Personal growth
- Psychologically based performance enhancement
- Increased self-efficacy, mental toughness, motivation
- Physical and technical development
- General health improvement
💡 Exam Tips
- Model: Stress → Appraisal → Physio/Attention Changes → Injury
- 4 moderators: Personality, History of stressors, Coping resources, Interventions
- 3 responses: Cognitive (appraisal), Emotional (6 elements), Behavioral (adherence + pain)
- Adherence needs personal + situational factors
- Performance pain vs Injury pain distinction
- Distributed vs Specialist approach for rehab personnel