🔑 Key Definitions
Burnout: Syndrome of physical/emotional exhaustion + sport devaluation + reduced athletic accomplishment
Overtraining: Training beyond optimal leading to maladaptive staleness/burnout
Overreaching: Short-term overtraining (part of normal training)
Staleness: Body fails to adapt to training
Withdrawal: Leaving the sport
Overtraining: Training beyond optimal leading to maladaptive staleness/burnout
Overreaching: Short-term overtraining (part of normal training)
Staleness: Body fails to adapt to training
Withdrawal: Leaving the sport
⚠ Exercise Continuum
- Too Little → Optimal → Too Much
- Overtraining Paradox: Benefits reversed if excessive
- Balance training vs overtraining
🔄 Three Models of Burnout
1. Stress Model
- Staleness + Overtraining → Training Stress Syndrome
- If not reversed → Withdrawal
- Burnout as response to chronic stress
2. Investment Model
- Imbalance between costs and benefits
- 5 determinants: Reward, Costs, Satisfaction, Investment, Alternative
- Commitment based on enjoyment → enthusiastic participation
- Commitment based on entrapment → burnout/withdrawal
3. Empowerment Model
- Burnout caused by overly controlling social structure
- Sport too constraining OR athlete feels no control
- Athlete seeks liberation
📈 Symptoms
10 Physiological Symptoms
- Increased: Resting/exercise heart rate, Resting systolic BP, Muscle soreness/chronic fatigue, Stress biochemical indicators, Sleep loss, Colds/respiratory infections
- Decreased: Body weight, Maximal aerobic power, Muscle glycogen, Libido/appetite
5 Psychological Symptoms
- Increased: Mood disturbances, Perception of exhaustion
- Decreased: Self-esteem
- Negative personal interaction (cynicism, impersonal relating)
- Negative reaction to chronic stress
🩸 Three Interventions
- Self-Awareness: Recognize burnout and communicate feelings
- Time Off: Rest from offending activity
- Relaxation Strategies: Cope with stress and reverse burnout
💡 Recommendations
- Players: Play for yourself, Balance life, If not fun don't do it, Make practice fun, Relax/take time off
- Coaches: Cultivate personal involvement, Two-way communication, Utilize player input, Understand feelings/perspective
- Parents: Recognize optimal pushing, Back off, Reduce importance of winning, Show support/empathy, Don't coach if not coach, Solicit child's input
💡 Exam Tips
- Burnout = exhaustion + devaluation + reduced accomplishment
- 3 models: Stress (chronic stress), Investment (costs vs benefits), Empowerment (controlling structure)
- 10 physiological + 5 psychological symptoms
- 3 interventions: self-awareness, time off, relaxation
- Recommendations differ for players, coaches, parents