26
🎯 Main Points

Chapter 26

PSY407 - Sport Psychology

🔑 Three Theories of Why Imagery Works

1. Psychoneuromuscular Theory

Brain sends signals to muscles during imagery
Muscles show small contractions during mental practice
Creates "muscle memory" without actual movement

2. Symbolic Learning Theory

  • Imagery creates mental blueprint of movements
  • Athletes plan actions in advance
  • Develops cognitive map of skill sequence

3. Attention-Arousal Theory

  • Imagery improves focus and concentration
  • Helps control arousal levels
  • Prepares mind for performance

👁 Two Imagery Perspectives

Internal Imagery

  • Seeing from YOUR OWN EYES (first-person view)
  • Focuses on kinesthetic feelings (body sensations)
  • Emphasizes how movements feel

External Imagery

  • Watching YOURSELF from outside (third-person view)
  • Like watching yourself on video
  • Emphasizes visual observation

💬 Using All Five Senses

  • Both perspectives should use all senses
  • Visual, auditory, kinesthetic, olfactory, gustatory
  • More vivid = more effective

💡 Exam Tips

  • Three theories: Psychoneuromuscular, Symbolic Learning, Attention-Arousal
  • Internal = first-person (your eyes), External = third-person (watching yourself)
  • Internal emphasizes kinesthetic feelings, External emphasizes visual
  • Both perspectives use all 5 senses