🔑 Key Definitions
Secondary Prevention: Early detection and treatment of disease
Screening: Testing apparently healthy people to identify disease early
Tertiary Prevention: Limiting damage and preventing disability after disease
Rehabilitation: Restoring function after illness or injury
Screening: Testing apparently healthy people to identify disease early
Tertiary Prevention: Limiting damage and preventing disability after disease
Rehabilitation: Restoring function after illness or injury
🧠 Screening Tests
- Mammogram: Breast X-ray for cancer detection
- Sigmoidoscopy/Colonoscopy: Colon cancer screening
- Pap Smear: Cervical cancer screening
- Blood Pressure: Hypertension detection
- Cholesterol Testing: Cardiovascular risk
📊 Learning Mechanisms for Health Behavior
- Reinforcement: Rewards strengthen behavior (positive consequence)
- Extinction: No reward → behavior stops
- Punishment: Negative consequences → behavior decreases
- Modeling: Learning by observing others
- Habituation: Behavior becomes automatic through repetition
🛠 Barriers to Wellness Promotion
- Individual: Lack of motivation, "it won't happen to me"
- Interpersonal: Peer pressure, family habits
- Community: No access to healthy food, unsafe exercise areas
- Societal: Cost of healthcare, limited resources
💡 Exam Tips
- Secondary = EARLY detection; Tertiary = AFTER disease
- Know the 5 learning mechanisms: Reinforcement, Extinction, Punishment, Modeling, Habituation
- Screening tests detect disease BEFORE symptoms
- Barriers exist at individual, interpersonal, community, and societal levels
- Mammogram = breast; Colonoscopy = colon; Pap smear = cervix