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🎯 Main Points

Epilepsy & Spinal Cord Injuries

PSY408 - Health Psychology

🔑 Key Definitions

Epilepsy: Neurological disorder with recurrent seizures due to abnormal brain activity
Seizure: Sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain
Spinal Cord Injury (SCI): Damage to spinal cord causing loss of function
Paraplegia: Paralysis of lower body (legs)
Quadriplegia: Paralysis of all four limbs

🧠 Types of Seizures

  • Generalized Seizures: Affect whole brain
    • Tonic-clonic (grand mal): Stiffening then jerking
    • Absence (petit mal): Brief "spacing out"
  • Partial/Focal Seizures: Affect one brain area
    • Simple partial: No loss of consciousness
    • Complex partial: Altered consciousness

📊 Spinal Cord Injury Levels

  • Cervical (neck): Quadriplegia possible
  • Thoracic (mid-back): Paraplegia
  • Lumbar (lower back): Leg weakness
  • HIGHER injury = MORE function lost

🛠 Psychosocial Challenges

  • Epilepsy:
    • Stigma and discrimination
    • Unpredictability of seizures
    • Driving/employment restrictions
  • SCI:
    • Loss of independence
    • Body image changes
    • Depression (common)
    • Relationship changes

💡 Exam Tips

  • Grand mal = tonic-clonic; Petit mal = absence seizures
  • Paraplegia = 2 limbs (legs); Quadriplegia = 4 limbs
  • HIGHER spinal injury = MORE severe disability
  • Both conditions have significant STIGMA issues
  • Depression is common in BOTH epilepsy and SCI